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Surgical treatment - Cholesteatoma
Cholesteatoma if
unsafe is complicated to handle, surgery is dependent on many
factors, mainly on the amount of destruction of the surrounding
structures. The more extensive the damage, the more radical the
surgery. If an incomplete removal is performed chances of the disease
recurring are great. Hence it is important that the entire disease
be completely removed. If the patient has met the doctor in the
early stages and has a limited disease not spread too extensively
into the surrounding mastoid air cell system it is possible to just
remove the ingrowing pocket and even attempt reconstruction of the
partially damaged ear bones, resulting in almost normal hearing.
If the cholesteatoma has spread extensively the entire air cell system will
have to be cleaned out by drilling the overlying bone and clearing
the disease from the ME. Such a surgery is known as mastoidectomy.
The primary aim of this surgery is to eradicate this disease
completely before attempting restoring one’s hearing. If mastoidectomy
is combined with restoring hearing the surgery is known a s
mastoidotympanoplasty. Such restoration of hearing might even have to
be postponed to a second stage.
The more extensive
the damage the less likely the chances of restoring normal hearing.
If intracranial complications have occurred they have to be treated
accordingly, and generally once the acute life threatening neurological
condition is under control a radical mastoidectomy has to be
performed to eradicate the source of infection.
Antibiotics have
limited the course of such middle ear infections and reduced the
incidence of suppurative complications leading to death; still a
chronically discharging ear is not to be taken lightly. It is like
a time bomb ready to explode, but at an undetermined time.
Improved microsurgical techniques have vastly improved the management
techniques in ear surgery, with the result that ear surgeries are
virtually painless and safe. Even children can safely be operated
upon, thanks to advances in anaesthesia. The earlier one’s ear
condition is treated the lesser the trouble one could get into later.
Attic perforation with cholesteatoma
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